Development of a gum recession model in an experiment

Background: The article presents experimental studies conducted on Wistar rats in the amount of 50 individuals. An artificial gum recession defect was created.

Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of creating a gum recession model in the proposed way.

Material and methods: Experimental animals at the beginning of the study had an intact oral mucosa: pale pink color, without pathological changes. An experimental model of gum recession was created by excision of V-shaped periodontal tissues from the vestibular surface in the area of the lower jaw incisors of a rat, then a DispodentPak No. 000 retraction thread was applied in the area of the lower central incisors in the circular ligament of the tooth to a depth of 1.5 mm, and Vitrebond dental glass ionomer cement was applied to the vestibular surface of the neck of the tooth of the lower incisors, with at the same time, prednisone is administered intramuscularly at the rate of 12 mg / kg of animal weight on the 1st, 3rd and 5th day. For the experiment, female white rats in the amount of 50 individuals were used as a model. All animals were divided into 2 groups depending on the method of creating a gum recession defect. In the control group of rats, the defect was created according to the standard procedure by conducting a V-shaped incision.

Results: When creating the proposed model of experimental gum recession, the clinical and pathomorphological picture is achieved under the influence of local factors: V-shaped gum incision, retraction thread, dental glass ionomer cement. To suppress the processes of self-regeneration of the gums, the optimal dose of prednisone is administered.

Conclusions: On the 3rd day of the experiment, a V-shaped defect was observed in animals. On the 10th day, clinical signs of gum recession are determined: a defect with a depth of 2 mm. The average depth of recession in animals was (2 ± 1.7 mm). A relatively short process of modeling a gum recession (no more than a month). In this case, a local lesion of the gum is created, not burdened by any other pathology in the animal, and having both local and general (stress) pathogenetic factors, against the background of changes in the reactivity of the organism, which corresponds to the modern theory of the occurrence of recession as a polyethological disease in humans. 

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