Psychosomatic disorders and periodontal pathogens virulence relationship

AIM. The relationship between psychosomatic diseases and inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues, depending on the constant action of stressors on the human body, and the increased virulence of periodontopathogenic organisms in patients with psychiatric disorders.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. Current information in the electronic databases Google Scholar and PubMed was examined through a systematic literature review. Articles with content related to the influence of psychosomatic diseases and constant stress on the increase in virulence of periodontopathogenic microorganisms were selected and included.
RESULTS. A total of 271 publications were reviewed. After analyzing the literature according to the inclusion criteria, the final number was 58.
CONCLUSIONS. Based on the analyzed data, in patients with psychosomatic diseases and chronic stress, the oral microflora becomes favorable for the active growth of periodontopathogenic microorganisms. In response to the introduction of these bacteria and their virulence factors, chronic inflammation is observed in periodontal tissues, cells secrete IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-10, TNF-α, which decrease the body’s resistance to periodontopathogens. This group of patients has an increased amount of catecholamines in the blood, which increase the virulence of bacteria such as P. Gingivalis, which are the main ones in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues. High concentration of cortisol reduces the activity of immune cells, changing the balance of T-helper and T-suppressors and making the body more susceptible to various infections.

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