Клиническое применение коллагена в комбинации с факторами роста и клетками в регенеративной стоматологии

Коллаген I типа, являясь основным структурным белком внеклеточного матрикса, обеспечивает оптимальные условия для адгезии и пролиферации клеток, а также может служить системой локальной доставки биологически активных молекул. Однако для ряда нозологий регенеративная активность коллагена является недостаточной, что стимулировало поиск комбинированных систем, усиливающих его регенеративный потенциал.

Комбинация коллагеновых имплантатов с факторами роста и стволовыми клетками представляет собой перспективное направление регенеративной стоматологии. Настоящий обзор обобщает результаты клинических исследований, посвящённых применению коллагеновых матриц, заселённых мезенхимальными стволовыми клетками, клетками пульпы, фибробластами, а также дополненных факторами роста PDGF-BB, BMP-2 и FGF-2.

Несмотря на ограниченность клинических данных, совмещение коллагена с биологически активными компонентами уже демонстрирует устойчивые преимущества по сравнению с традиционными методами лечения. Показано, что такие комбинированные конструкции ускоряют восстановление кости и мягких тканей, снижая потребность в применении различных видов аутотрансплантатов и уменьшая травматичность хирургических вмешательств.

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