Modern aspects of conservative treatment of chronic apical periodontitis and innovative methods

INTRODUCTION. Chronic periodontitis, especially its destructive forms, remains one of the leading causes of tooth loss. This requires the improvement of therapeutic approaches to preserve the functionality of the dentofacial system and enhance the quality of life.

AIM. To systematically analyze the literature and summarize the available evidence on modern approaches to the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis associated with stable positive outcomes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Modern data from Russian and international literature, 80 sources, over the past 15 years on effective methods and aspects of treatment of chronic apical dental periodontitis have been studied and analyzed in the databases: PubMed, eLibrary.ru, CyberLeninka, Google Scholar, Crossref, and Green Version.

RESULTS. The analysis of this literature allows us to consider chronic periodontitis as a widespread pathology. Effective treatment requires: a comprehensive approach, strong manual skills of the dentist, adequate equipment and a structural understanding of the processes occurring at each stage of treatment. The sources we have studied report an 85% success rate in treating periodontitis. Furthermore, crown fracture accounts for 15% of treatment failures, occurring sometime after successful endodontic therapy. This issue can be resolved through post-supported restoration and appropriate crown prosthodontics.

CONCLUSIONS. Modern treatment methods include comprehensive, conservative, and innovative technologies supported by evidence-based medicine and confirmed by numerous clinical studies. The use of an endodontic microscope, ultrasound activation, irrigation solutions of antiseptics, antibiotics, guided bone regeneration drugs, bioceramic filling materials and new physiotherapy techniques significantly increases the effectiveness of therapy and reduces the duration of treatment.

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