The article is devoted to the advantages of ultrasonic technologies in endodontics. One of the issues of the extraction of teeth is the appearance of complications after the pulpitis and periodontitis treatment. It is often connected with the inability of the irrigant to fight the pathogenic microflora of the root dentin. The aim of the research was to find and present to the dental society the method of fighting the microflora of the roots of the teeth. In our research we compared different types of influence on the root microflora with the help of NaOCl solution, the irrigator Rinse-endo and ultrasonic preparation of the roots using the Mini Master machine. It has been found out that the irrigation with NaOCl solution (3%) during the treatment of the chronical apical periodontitis changes only quantitative, not qualitative structure of the microflora. After the ultrasonic preparation on the stage of the treatment of the chronical apical periodontitis the increase of the amount of microorganisms has not been discovered in the majority of cases (95%), which can be a cause to allow this method during chairside treatment.

In an experimental study the possibility of correction of inflammatory periodontal diseases by using such medications as Photoditazin gel 0.5%, Toluidine blue 1% solution, 1% solution of methylene blue, when using a laser that has the wavelength λ = 662 nm and a power of 100 j/cm2 had been explored on experimental genetic model of 20 mice BRSUNT.

The publication is devoted to modern methods of diagnosis of patients with muscle-articular disfunction (disc disturbances), the analysis of new data produced with the use of medical-diagnostic complex BioPAK (Bioresearch, USA). For patients of two groups of conducted with the Joint Vibration Analysis, kineseography and electromyography. On indicators of conducted Joint Vibration Analysis we divided the patients to 2 groups. Indicators of bioelectric activity of the chewing muscle groups and the trajectory of the mandible movements in people without TMJ stacked in the characteristics and parameters of computerized graphs of the physiological norm. Analysis of bioelectric activity of the chewing muscle groups in patients with TMJ dysfunction showed the presence of the relationship between the violation of the bioelectric activity of the muscles of chewing group and disorders of the mandible movements.

There are different forms of fiber glass posts to restore the anatomical shape of the tooth. It is more reasonable to use those which more repeat the shape of the root canal. So we have carried out an attempt to justify the use of intra root anatomic tab to restore the tooth coronal part, made of glass fiber post and nano-composite. A compression test and study samples of resistance to vertical and the angular 14° size 440 N (45 kg) of the load on a standard glass fiber posts - a group PI (n =7 ) and individually made anatomical tab - group PII (n = 7), reinforced fiber glass pin. To detect the defects after the experiment the thin sections of teeth (thickness 3,0 mm) were studied under nuclear and power microscope (СММ 2000). It has been established that there is a more expressed resistance to the to the angular loading of anatomic posts.

In a modern endodontics the disinfection of infected root canals still remains a challenging problem, because mechanical removal of organic remnants and microorganisms from lateral canals and ramifications of the apical delta is impossible. In the present report the efficiency of using diode laser and photo-activated therapy (FAT) during endodontic treatment of the infected root canals was estimated. Analysis of clinical and radiological results revealed higher efficiency of diode laser (97,7%) and photo-activated therapy (100%) in endodontic treatment of chronic apical periodontitis compared with the conventional root canal treatment (92,7 %). It is proved that the use of laser radiation and photo-activated therapy in treatment of chronic apical periodontitis allows to reduce number of complications and to accelerate bone healing in comparison with a traditional method of treatment with calcium hydroxide preparations.

The article considers the technical aspects of the use of different spreaders during root canal obturation by the cold lateral condensation technique. It was identified the influence of spreader penetration depth on the quality of apical and coronal obturation depending on a material and a diameter of a tool. The differentiated approach to the choice of a spreader was suggested for a high-quality obturation of curved canals by the cold lateral condensation technique.

Analysis of the results of complex clinical and epidemiological studies conducted in industrial areas of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) determines the high prevalence of dental diseases. The evaluation of laboratory data suggests the presence of certain changes in composition and properties of oral fluid among population that are associated with an increase in viscosity and a decrease in salivary flow rate with a predominance of the second and third types of oral fluid microcrystallization. At the same time these changes of biophysical properties of the oral fluid accompanied by low calcium content, decrease in activity of alkaline phosphatase and its remineralizing function among different age groups. Residents of Tompo, Oimyakon, Niurba, Anabar areas with developed mining industry revealed a high level of needs and insufficient dental care. The health system is determined by insufficiency of some experts of dental profile, and the absence of any preventive measures. Identified changes in composition and properties of the oral fluid can be provided as biological risk factors of formation and development of pathological processes of organs and mouth tissues, and they should be considered in the organization of therapeutic and preventive care to the population of industrial areas of the North.

The use of modern high-tech methods of beam diagnostics, such as digital orthopantomography, spiral and cone-beam computed tomography with dynamic densitometry, along with a detailed analysis of the clinical and histological data, can significantly improve the quality of assessment of the status of dental system, make a differential diagnosis between the types of cysts to analyze the extent of the pathological process of the surrounding tissue and to determine the best way to resembling surgery. Anatomical features of the upper jaw, namely the proximity of the roots of teeth to the walls of the maxillary sinus or nasal cavity, and sometimes localization of the roots of premolars and molars in the sinus cavity, causes the close relationship of these anatomical structures in the presence and spread of inflammation from the periapical region of the teeth in the nasal cavity or maxillary sinus. The important point is to assess the integrity of the bony walls of the nasal cavity or sinus, the state of the mucous membrane of upper respiratory tract, the presence or lack of communication between the cavity of the mouth and nose through the formed fistula. Detailed definition of the above signs of a significant impact on treatment selection and prognosis for recovery.

Purpose: to study the influence of the extent of root canal enlargement on the resistance of tooth to vertical root fracture. Bovine teeth were used (n = 20) from which experimental cylindrical samples were fabricated and divided into two groups according to root canal diameter. The sampled were subjected to vertical static load in universal testing machine until vertical root fracture occurrence. Average values of maximal load were fixed in each group. Mann-Witney test was used in SPSS Statistics program to assess the significance of differences between groups. Average load values for the group with smaller were 438,60 ± 29,84 kgf (median was 437,88 kgf) and in the group with larger canal diameter were 293,21 ± 68,23 kgf (median was 301,79 kgf). The differences between groups were statistically significant (p = 0,001). It was shown that the extent of root canal influences on the resistance of the root to fracture.

Single-visit or multiple-visit endodontic treatment of periodontitis is still controversial. Calcium hydroxide is the material of choice for intracanal dressing between appointments for absolute majority of endodontists. Nevertheless, there is no consensus in the literature for or against the use of calcium hydroxide for root canal temporary filling. In some clinical cases one-visit endodontics may be not only more effective but preferable option.

Were examined 215 patients where were retreated root canals without exacerbation (115) and in acute or acute periapical process (100). After 1, 2, 3 years conducted repeated radiological control of endodontic treatment. In each clinical case were assessed: the state of the periapical tissues at the time of treatment (the original X-ray), the type of sealing mass in the channel, the result of treatment after constant obstruction and after 1, 2, 3 year. It demonstrates that the presence of at least one of these symptoms is an indication for the procedure of root canal retreatment without exacerbation, especially in front of prosthetics.

The most common configuration of the mandibular first molar is the presence of two roots and three root canals. The objective of this work is to present two rare anatomic configurations with six root canals on two mandibular left first molars diagnosed during endodontic therapy. Root canal therapy was performed using a dental operating microscope. Ultrasonic troughing in the grooves in between the mesial root canals and in between the distal root canals was able to show the middle root canals. Large samples population characterization researches and systematic reviews were unable to detect a single case of six root canals configuration in a mandibular first molar in their investigations. Although it is a rare configuration, a six root canal configuration is possible to be found in the mandibular first molar. Three different pulp chamber configurations are possible to be found. Two or three roots may be present and the root configuration more common in the mesial root is the Type 8 and Type 12 for the distal root. Some concepts about the required technique to approach these cases are also debated.

Genetic, functional, topographic-anatomical and clinical relationship of the orbit with the maxilla creates conditions to consider these structures as a single maxillo-orbital complex. The data revealed on anatomical objects, using classic morphometric and modern radiographic methods, taking into account the possibilities of their use in the dental practice, showed significant age and individual regularities of their structure. The structure of the complex, belonging to the organ of vision, actively develops during the late prenatal and early postnatal periods. Parts, which are functionally associated with chewing apparatus, on the contrary, actively form during its formation.

The analysis of influence of dysbiosis is conducted on development of diseases of oral cavity. The oral cavity is characterized by favorable conditions for breeding microflora due to slightly alkaline reaction of the environment, the availability of food residues, optimal humidity and temperature. Adverse factors such as functional disorders in the oral cavity, the changing nature of power, ecologically unfavorable living conditions, occupational hazards, the use of antimicrobial drugs contribute to the emergence of dysbiosis due to increase in total microbial contamination on a significant decrease in the proportion of obligate microflora, which creates prerequisites for the development of dental and even somatic pathology. The presence of oral dysbiosis causes the appearance of opportunistic infections, septic complications after maxillofacial trauma or surgery in the area, the development of stomatitis, periodontal disease, dental caries and its complications. It is proved that the qualitative and quantitative disorders symbiotic autochthonous microflora with subsequent development of any localization dysbiosis, a correction microbiocenosis.