In the treatment of patients with destructive forms of periodontitis, the primary role for antimicrobial treatment of the root canal system. In an experiment on extracted teeth, it was tested method of filling the root canal with the help of apparatus EndoActivator® «Dentsply» with a paste of calcium hydroxide in comparison with the traditional method - endodontic files and reamers. A significant improvement in filling the root canal using EndoActivator® «Dentsply» apparatus.

To clarify the formation mechanisms of immune dysfunction leading to the development of odontogenic subcutaneous granuloma person (OPG) in patients with chronic foci stomatogennoy infection were examined 54 patients aged 18 to 45 years suffering from chronic granulomatous periodontitis (present study included), of which 19 were diagnosed - OPGL and 30 patients in the comparison group of the same age who have studied the content in the saliva of proinflammatory (interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFa)) and antiinflammatory (interleukin receptor antagonist-1 (RAIL), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10)) cytokines by enzyme immunoassay. It is shown that the development of inflammation in the present study included OPGL is characterized by the strengthening of the immune system and increased levels in the saliva of proinflammatory cytokines. Made a preliminary conclusion that a violation of the process of inflammation with a predominance of the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10 may lead to the development of smoldering inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue of the face and the appearance of OPGL.

PСR-analysis of 78 root canal contents was conducted in 56 patients with apical periodontitis for identification of anaerobic microflora in a chronic process and exacerbation. Nearly 100% endodontic contamination by fuzobacteria was revealed, chromogenic bacteria predominated in exacerbation of periodontitis. Fungi Candida and enterococci have been found rather seldom, with the disease being resistant to standard medicines.

Experiments were performed to evaluate the nature of biochemical changes in the pulp of the upper and lower incisors in rats during daily 4-h restraint stress for 8 days. The stress-induced response of the incisor pulp in animals was shown to depend on their localization in the jaw. Exogenous melatonin had a greater effect on study parameters of the pulp in the lower incisors. Our results show that melatonin has a regulatory role for the intensity exchange of glycogene amino acids in the incisor pulp and reactions of glycolysis.

From 340 CBCT included in this study, 65 patients (19.1%) found a C-shaped root canals in the mandibular first premolars, 13 patients (3.8%) - C-shaped root canals in mandibular second premolars, 34 (10%) patients - in the mandibular second molars. Patients with C-shaped root canals in the mandibular first premolars 10,77% found C-shaped root canals in the mandibular second premolars. This is 2,8 times higher than the incidence C-shaped canals in the mandibular second premolars (3,85%) patients in the sample. C-shaped root canals in the mandibular second molars in 20,6% of patients were combined with the C-shaped root canals first mandibular premolars. It is 2 times larger than those in the sample (10%). The combination of C-shaped root canals in the first mandibular premolars and mandibular second premolars with mandibular incisors and canines with two canals not exceed their prevalence in the sample.

The results of medical practice dentists associated with the peculiarities of restoration and prosthetics, can create conditions for «iatrogenic fracture of teeth». The aim of this study was to analyze the causes and make recommendations for the prevention and treatment of iatrogenic fractures optimal teeth. The study included 15 patients with fractures of the teeth after the conducted early therapeutic and orthopedic treatment. Tooth extraction and implantation carried out under local anesthesia with the use of implants ITI Standard Plus SLA and SLActive (Straumann, Switzerland). Osteoplasty held collagen material without the use of barrier membranes. Prosthetics have implemented fixed prosthetic ceramic designs. Analysis of the clinical, radiological, statistical and empirical. All fractures of the teeth (incisors, 33%; premolars, 20%; molars, 40%; Fang, n = 1), iatrogenic origin is longitudinal. The cause of the fracture molars had an extensive restoration without artificial crowns and superkontakt antagonist. The premolars were damaged due to the actions Expander wedge copings, canine and incisors - due to occlusal overload. Obvious signs of fracture on radiographs were: a gap (n = 7; 47%), the difference fragments (n = 4, 27%) and bone loss on the perimeter of the root (n = 4, 27%). Ability to save teeth with longitudinal fracture was not seen. Orthopedic rehabilitation in 8 cases (54%) held by means of implantation. Iatrogenic fractures of the teeth can be considered a conditional term, recalls the need to comply with standards preparation, restoration and prosthetics. Rational method of rehabilitation of patients with fractures of the tooth implant prosthetics is that it is not always possible for subjective reasons.

The article presents the results of morphological study of the 72 pulp of permanent incisors and canines 9 adult mongrel dogs, which was modeled acute focal pulpitis. The obtained histological preparations were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Mallory and Masson. Result of the study showed that the developed medicinal paste due to the presence in its composition of biologically active metabolites are able to increase the intensity of reparative processes in the pulp of the tooth, while providing anti-inflammatory and antiseptic action. Morphological study of the pulp of teeth of dogs developed in the application of medical pastes showed signs earlier normalization of all structural components of the pulp and accelerating in her reparative processes, in comparison with the control group. Experimental and clinical study of the effect of the paste on the pulp tissue allows to recommend it for treatment of acute focal pulpitis

Caries of teeth arose along with appearance of the person as species. It is proved by archeological finds. People always dealt with this problem, according to the level of their scientific and technical development. Today, there is a large number of methods of an obturation of the root channel. However there is no ideal method of treatment as materials aren’t ideal. There is a search of ways of improvement of materials and techniques of an obturation. In our opinion, the optimum direction is improvement the endodontic of sealer on the basis of polymeric materials. As they are sensitive to the electromagnetic field (EMP). Results showed decrease of quantity and the size of pores, closer locating of particles and more homogeneous structure in samples of the seals mixed after influence on it of EMP than in samples without influence of EMP. These modifications will lead to improvement of results of treatment in the near-term and remote outlook.

Internal inflammatory root resorption is a rare find in everyday dental practice. Also, it is known to be an accident discovery. Analysis of publications of domestic and foreign periodicals and of biochemistry, histology, microbiology textbooks has allowed to generalize and systematize data on the prevalence in the population, causes, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this disease, as well as reveal the underlying mechanism of its development and histological features.

Given the proven in a series of recent scientific papers leading vascular component of the mechanism of spongy injections, traditional classification techniques of dental local anesthesia needs to be transformed. We offer its modification, which is to split all ways on diffuse and vascular diffuse. Diffuse anesthesia includes application, infiltration and conduction. Vascular diffuse include intraosseous, intraligamentary, intraseptal and intrapulpal. For the last 4 methods, you can use the term spongy (intraosseous) anesthesia.

For increase of efficiency of mastering of practical skills in dentistry the proposed new multifunction machine Med-Box to perform various dental procedures in preclinical practice.

In clinic of esthetic stomatology an important role is played by knowledge of optical properties of tooth and modern materials allowing to provide high quality of the performed works. Availability, a so-called, transparent layer influences visual perception of the vertical and/or horizontal sizes of tooth. Modeling of restorations assumes the choice of shades of a composite, including - transparent. The last is used at a final stage of forming of restoration for giving of individual esthetic characteristics to the last.

Saving teeth and maintaining their function are the main objectives of dentistry. Currently, an increasing number of patients are motivated by the fact that dentists have made every effort to save the tooth. Despite notable achievements of world and domestic implantology, endodontic treatment is still important in the treatment of periodontal diseases. The emergence of new tools and equipment has significantly improved the quality of endodontic treatment, but even the use of the microscope in endodontic practice has not reduced the importance of radiological diagnosis and treatment monitoring.

Being one of the main tools in metabolomics, NMR spectroscopy has a growing importance in medicine and in dentistry. Dental hard tissue resistance to destruction has a correlation with the level of phosphorus content in saliva. Clinical examination of patients, men and women, aged from 18 to 30 years, was carried out. Particular attention was paid to the detection of wedge-shaped defects of teeth hard tissues at various stages of this disease and to the co-factors of its occurrence. NMR spectroscopy of phosphorus isotope (31Р) nuclei of oral liquid samples from a healthy person (control) and patients with severe wedge-shaped lesions was chosen as a laboratory testing method. These data show that the saliva (PO4)n- groups are the part of liquid filmic polymer structures of different thickness, with the thickness of the control sample films is greater than that of ill patients’ samples.